Abstract The mangrove mussel Mytella falcata (d'Orbigny, 1846), synonym of M. charruana (d'Orbigny, 1842), has a good nutritional, functional and low cost value. The effect of refined or herb salts in the preparation of sururu burger was evaluated through the determination of proximate composition, cholesterol content, fatty acid profile and acceptability index. In herbs, phenols were evaluated. In both formulations, the protein content was above the minimum limit (15%) required by the Food Brazilian law, while the fat percentage was lower than the stablished (5%). Due to oxidation reactions, the total cholesterol content in the preparations supplemented with refined salt was significant lower (p ≤ 0.05) than that in the burgers without salt supplementation or with the herb salt. The fatty acids were more preserved in the preparation with herb salt, once the herbs are rich in phenols with high antioxidant capacity. Oregano had a significant higher content of total phenols (p ≤ 0.05), compared to rosemary and parsley. In relation to the flavor, as the Brazilian public is more adapted to more salty formulations, the acceptability index of the formulation with refined salt was significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05).

Abstract The changes in chemical composition, chlorides, phenols and fatty acid profile of roasted or not Dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus, 1758) samples, after using or herbal salt or common iodized salt (NaCl), during storage under freezing, were evaluated. The ash and chloride contents were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in samples of the roasted fish previously treated with salt, compared to those treated with herbal salt. Oregano herb had a higher content of phenolic compounds and a significant difference (p < 0.05), compared to rosemary and basil herbs. At time “zero”, or after 45 and 90 days of storage under freezing, the fatty acid content of the samples in natura, showed no significant difference (p > 0.05), when compared to the roasted and pre-treated with herbal salt. However, statistically lower values were detected (p > 0.05) in roasted samples pre-treated with salt, showing a positive correlation between phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity exerted by herbs, in relation to the profile of fatty acids during storage under freezing, preserving nutritional quality. These results contributed to show the good functionality of herbal salt, in addition to encouraging healthy eating habits, by reducing common salt consumption.

Abstract The impact of herbal salt as a natural antioxidant on the lipids of roasted Dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus, 1758), as well as in the sensory characteristics of this food was evaluated after using refined or herbal salts, by analyzing the differences in its fatty acid contents, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), product acceptability and consumption intent. Centesimal composition, total phenols and characterization of phenolic compounds were also determined. The cooking caused a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the protein, lipid, ash, whose percentages were higher in fish salt roasted with herbs, compared to fish roasted with refined salt, except for ash. Rutin phenolic compound presented higher concentrations in fish treated with the three herbs. After cooking, the total monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids of herbal salt-roasted Dolphinfish increased by 128% and 109% compared to refined salt-roasted. TBARS values for salt-roasted gold were 558% higher than in natura and for herbal salt-roasted gold they corresponded to 174%. These results show that the phenolic compounds detected in herbs exerted an antioxidant effect on the preservation of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids from fish roasted with herbal salt. Sensory analysis resulted in good acceptability and purchase intent for herbal salt-roasted Dolphinfish.

Abstract With the objective of evaluating the influence of the heat treatment on the chemical composition of fish refried with interesterified margarine, the white hake (Cynoscion leiarchus), fresh and braised forms, was determined its centesimal composition, calorific value and fatty acid profile. Cooking with interesterified margarine resulted in a reduction of 12% in protein content and 7.5% in ash content. The lipid content increased after frying (112%). As well as total saturated fatty acids (82.8%), monounsaturated fatty acids (858%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (567%). There was a 33% reduction in total arachidonic and 48% in total DHA, in the braised hake with interesterified margarine in relation to fresh hake.

Abstract The impact of white onion as a natural antioxidant on the lipid profile of “Vila Franca” shrimp (Litopenaeus schmitti Burkenroad, 1938), during storage under freezing, was evaluated by changes in the composition of fatty acids, carotenoids, centesimal composition and phenols. The lipid content in the shrimp samples in natura and with white onion was dimmed after 45 days of storage under freezing. At zero time and during storage, lower levels of fatty acids were detected in the shrimp with addition of white onion. There was a reduction in the total carotenoid content of fresh and white onion shrimp samples after 45 days of storage, corresponding to 30% and 43%, respectively. After 90 days of storage, was detected a loss of 28%, in the samples with addition of white onion, in relation to 45 days. In spite of the linear increase in phenol content during storage, no positive correlation was observed between the concentrations of phenols and the antioxidant activity exerted by white onion, in relation to the profile of fatty acids and carotenoids of the food.

RESUMO Os camarões são fontes de carotenóides, sendo a astaxantina o predominante, responsáveis por suas propriedades especiais e desejáveis, e também a causa da sua instabilidade pelo tratamento térmico durante o preparo doméstico, processamento industrial ou armazenamento sob congelamento, que pode causar descoloração e redução de suas propriedades benéficas à saúde. Este trabalho visou avaliar o efeito do tratamento térmico e armazenamento sob congelamento (0, 45 e 90 dias) nos teores de carotenóides totais e na estabilidade da atividade antioxidante dos extratos etanólicos de filé e cascas, cruas ou cozidas, de camarão “Vila Franca” Litopenaeus schmitti (Burkenroad, 1938). A capacidade antioxidante dos extratos foi avaliada utilizando os radicais DPPH• (2,2-difenil-1-picril-hidrazila) e ABTS+• (2,2’-azino-bis-(3-etilbenzotiazolina-6- acido sulfônico), bem como pelo teste do poder redutor do ferro (FRAP). Os extratos do camarão cozido ou in natura (filé e cascas), representam fontes dietéticas de carotenóides, exibindo atividade antioxidante através de todos os métodos testados, após o tratamento térmico e armazenamento sob congelamento. A atividade antioxidante dos extratos foi superior a de ácido ascórbico, principalmente no filé e cascas cozidos. As amostras de cascas de camarão parecem uma valiosa fonte de carotenóides, cuja atividade antioxidante foi verificada até 90 dias após o congelamento, e pode ser utilizado nos produtos alimentares como suplemento natural funcional, agregando valor a esses resíduos.

ABSTRACT Shrimps are sources of carotenoids, astaxanthin is the predominant, responsible for their special and desirable properties, as well as for their instability under heat treatment during the domestic preparation, industrial processing or storage under freezing. These can cause discoloration and reduce the beneficial health properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of heat treatment and storage under freezing (0, 45 and 90 days) on the levels of total carotenoids and stability of the antioxidant activity of ethanolic extracts of fillets and shells, raw and cooked, of the white shrimp (“Vila Franca”) Litopenaeus schmitti (Burkenroad, 1938). The antioxidant ability of the extracts was evaluated using the radicals DPPH• (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl) and ABTS+• (2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6 sulfonic acid), as well as by the iron reducing power (FRAP) test. The extracts of cooked or in natura shrimps (fillets and shells) represent dietary sources of carotenoids, displaying antioxidant activity through all the tested methods, after heat treatment and storage under freezing. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was superior to the one of ascorbic acid, mainly in the cooked fillet and shells. The samples of shrimp shells seemed a valuable source of carotenoids, whose antioxidant activity was verified even 90 days after freezing, and can be used in food products as functional natural supplement, adding value to this waste.

Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito do beneficiamento sobre o valor nutricional do peixe mandim (Arius spixii) comercializado em Maceió-AL, determinaram-se nas suas formas in natura e beneficiada (salgado-seco) a composição centesimal, valor calórico, cloretos, perfil de ácidos graxos e colesterol, sendo também analisada a ocorrência de óxidos de colesterol. Os resultados obtidos para o mandim in natura e beneficiado, respectivamente, de umidade (70,13% e 40,31%), proteínas (51,73% e 38,07%, base seca), carboidratos (4,67% e 2,24%, base seca), calorias (486 kcal/100g e 367 kcal/100g, base seca), ácidos graxos (poliinsaturados 14,54% e 15,49%, ômega-3 8,51% e 6,51%), colesterol (82,66 mg/100g e 61,30 mg/100g) e óxidos (7-cetocolesterol 8,31 µg/g e 17,90 µg/g), permitiram concluir que o beneficiamento favoreceu alterações significativas no valor nutricional do mandim.

In an attempt to analyze how processing enhances the nutritional value of the mandim fish (Arius spixii) marketed in Maceió-AL, Brazil, the following nutritional components were determined in fresh and processed (salted-dried) fish: centesimal composition, calorie count, chloride, fatty acid and cholesterol profile. The presence of cholesterol oxides was also investigated. Respective results for fresh and processed mandim fish were: moisture (70.13% and 40.31%), proteins (51.73% and 38.07%, dried), carbohyrdrates (4.67% and 2.24%, dried), calories (486 kcal/100g and 367 kcal/100g, dried), fatty acids (polyunsaturared 14,54% and 15,49%, ômega-3 8,51% and 6,51%), cholesterol (82.66 mg/100g and 61.30 mg/100g) and oxides (7-ketocholesterol 8.31 µg/g and 17.90 µg/g). These figures clearly showed that processing led to significant change in the nutritional value of the mandim fish.

Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar o perfil de ácidos graxos, a composição centesimal e o valor calórico de moluscos crus e cozidos da cidade de Maceió. Analisaram-se três espécies: sururu (Mytella falcata), maçunim (Anomalocardia brasiliana) e unha de velho (Tagelus plebeus), nas formas cruas e cozidas (ao molho de coco). Os moluscos in natura apresentaram elevados teores de umidade e proteínas. Os maiores teores de lipídeos e cinzas foram encontrados no sururu e maçunim, respectivamente. O sururu apresentou maior valor calórico. Em base seca, detectou-se que a cocção provocou redução significativa nos teores de proteínas e aumento significativo nos teores de lipídeos e cinzas em todos os moluscos. O maior valor calórico foi detectado em unha de velho cozida. No perfil de ácidos graxos de todas as amostras cruas, os ácidos graxos poliinsaturados predominantes foram o docosaexaenóico e eicosapentaenóico. Também, foram encontrados os ácidos linoléico, linolênico e araquidônico. Após o cozimento, os teores dos ácidos graxos saturados láurico e mirístico aumentaram significativamente e o esteárico apresentou redução significativa em relação aos valores "in natura" em todas as espécies. O ácido linoléico sofreu redução significativa em unha de velho e maçunim. Os poliinsaturados linolênico, araquidônico, eicosapentanóico e docosaexaenóico apresentaram redução em todos os moluscos.

The aim of this study was to assess the profile of fatty acids, the chemical centesimal composition and caloric value of raw and boiled mollusks in the city of Maceió. Three species were analyzed: Mytella falcata, Anomalocardia brasiliana and Tagelus plebeus, known locally as sururu, maçunim and unha de velho, respectively. Raw and boiled (with coconut milk) specimens were evaluated. Uncooked mollusks were moist and rich in proteins. The greatest concentration of lipids and ashes was found in sururu and maçunim, respectively. Sururu had the highest caloric value. Dry coction resulted in a significant reduction in the amount of protein and in a marked increase in the levels of lipids and ashes in mollusks. The highest caloric value was seen in boiled Tagelus plebeus. The predominant polyunsaturated fatty acids in all the raw samples were docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic. Linoleic, linolenic, and aArachidonic acids were also detected. After boiling, the levels of the saturated lauric and miristic acids rose significantly, whereas those of stearic acid decreased considerably in all the raw samples. Linoleic acid was notably reduced in unha de velho and maçunim. The polyunsaturated linolenic, arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids were markedly reduced in all mollusks.